HistoryFrom the history of the Institute...Institute of Automation and Eletrometry was founded among the first institutes of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences (SO AN) n 1957. The first director of the Institute (1956-1967) was a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Konstantin B. Karandeyev. In the early years the scientific achievements of the Institute of Automation and Electrometry was associated with the creation of automated instrumentation and systems for data acquisition and processing. In 1965 the Institute began to publish the Journal “Avtometriya”, which quickly became one of the leading journals in the field of theory and practice of information and measuring systems. Headed the Institute in 1967, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (who later became an academician of RAS) Yuri E. Nesterikhin significantly increased "physical component" of the research. IA&E SO AN, as said Yuri E., was "based on three pillars": the fundamental physics, the practical application of new physical phenomena in science and industry and the wide use of computers for automation of scientific research (ASR). Starting with a measuring devices for the ASR, the Institute is gradually developing a new line of works - the theory and principles of the systems for acquisition, processing, storage and displaying the information. A focus is in developing of the magistral-modular principle of organization and of the specialized opto – electronic tools for automation. Research and development initiated in the field of optical methods of data storage and processing information that emerged from the "interface" of solid state physics, coherent optics, holography, microelectronics and computer technology. Their goal was to create a holographic memory systems, specialized opto-electronic processors and their components: the deflection of light, Integral matrices, phase masks, media for recording of optical information, modulators, etc. Studies carried out in collaboration with other institutes of the SO AN and the enterprises within the industry by coordinating the plans of the Presidium of the SO AN. In 1975, these works are included in the Coordination Plan of General Physics and Astronomy Department of the USSR Academy of Sciences, and of the Academy Commission "Fundamentals of memory and optical information processing" was organized where Director of IAE Yu.E. Nesterikhin was a deputy chair. During the decade (1967-1977) Institute developed the theoretical and experimental basis for the development of holographic systems, archival memory, partially coherent optical correlators, matrix electro-optical processor, electro-optical analog modules and laser devices of input / output. Laser measuring and control devices and holographic storage devices were designed on the basis of industrial technology in conjunction with the Novosibirsk Instrument Making Factory and the Siberian Institute of Optical Systems.In the same period, principles for building high-performance multilayer chip - digital processors in which the mass exchange of information between the layers is carried out by means of optical communication channels have been proposed. The scientists of the Institute have discovered and studied a number of new physical phenomena: the photovoltaic effect, the universality of the structure of disordered materials at nanoscale, photo-induced phenomena of memory in crystals and glasses. Mechanisms for changing the optical properties of materials under the influence of light and a theoretical model for recording of optical information in different media studies have been developed on the basis of experimental research. Significant results were obtained in the field of optical interferometry: a theory of laser interferometry, unique kinoform elements, frequency selectors for the lasers, the first ballistic laser gravimeter, the first laser Doppler measurement system. Research of wave turbulence and nonlinear processes in plasmas was also developed successfully. The basic laws of transition from laminar to turbulent flow have been investigated and formulated (for example, the Couette flow). Research in the field of digital imaging began. A precise device for input of images into the computer named “Zenit-2" was created in the 70-ies of XX century. In those days, it has a unique metrological characteristics and intended originally for measuring coordinates of stars on astro-negatives. Parallaxes given set of stars were computed after processing of hundreds of astro-negatives. Creation of "Zenith-2" was a bright example of symbiosis of laser technology, opto-electronics and computing. Unique features of "Zenith-2"-computer systems greatly expanded its field of application. Together with the Institute of Forest and Wood of the USSR the techniques, algorithms and software processing of the forest aerial photographs were established. For two decades (1967-1987) the Institute of Automation and Electrometry together with the SDB of Scientific Instrumentation of SO AN (now -- Technological Design Institute of Scientific Instrument Engineering of SB RAS) have introduced in industry and in scientific experiment a few dozen major developments. In one of them, Yu. E. Nesterikhin works as a manager and several senior scientists of the joint IAE and SDB technical-scientific group were awarded by the Premium of the USSR Council of Ministers in 1985. At that time, the complete set of functional CAMAC modules (100 items) and basic configuration of automated systems for a broad class of research applications (system microCAMAClab) were designed and produced by the industrial release. Currently, scientific research areas in the IA&E SB RAS include optics and spectroscopy, condensed matter physics, the development of high-precision optical technology, systems and components, integrated information and computing systems of new generation with a use of electronic and optical technologies. Some important events and dates: 1957-2007: Institute of Automation and Electrometry is 50 years old 1907-2007: Karandeyev Konstantin Borisovich. To the 100 years of anniversary 1969-1999: Laser Technology Laboratory is 30 years old
The work of scientists of the Institute of Automation and Electrometry are awarded by:
|